Gastritis

Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining. It can occur suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic) and may be caused by several factors, including:

Causes:

• Infection with Helicobacter pylori (a common bacteria)
• Regular use of NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, aspirin)
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Stress
• Autoimmune disorders
• Bile reflux

Common Symptoms:

• Upper abdominal pain or discomfort
• Nausea or vomiting
• Bloating
• Loss of appetite
• Indigestion
• In severe cases, vomiting blood or black stools (indicating bleeding)

Diagnosis:

• Medical history and physical exam
• Endoscopy
• Biopsy (during endoscopy)
• Testing for H. pylori
• Blood, stool, or breath tests

Treatment:

• Antacids or acid reducers (PPIs or H2 blockers)
• Antibiotics if H. pylori is present
• Avoiding NSAIDs, alcohol, and spicy foods
• Eating smaller, more frequent meals
• Managing stress